State should regulate who’s an interior designer; it’s a matter of safety
By SUSAN K. BALLARD, GINNY CALDWELL, ANNE G. DABBS and KATHERINE SETSER
Friday, 03/30/07
New Mexico has a problem. So does Tennessee. The law regulates the title of interior design without regulating the practice. The solution, however, is not to open the interior design field to all, as columnist George Will recently suggested. The remedy is to practice restriction.
On this, the courts are very clear: Where health and safety are concerned, the public deserves the right to distinguish between qualified and unqualified practitioners, just as it does in the medical, architectural, engineering and other professions. It is not an issue of “decorator” vs. “designer.” It is not “designer” vs. anyone. It is simply an issue of life safety.
New construction and renovation projects generally involve licensed architects, engineers and others, including interior designers. Drawings are reviewed by building departments, and projects are visited throughout construction for regulatory compliance. However, much change is made to interior space without code compliance review or the involvement of licensed design professionals.
Interior space content — finishes and furniture — is continually selected and installed outside of new construction or major renovation because of changes in ownership or tenancy, wear and tear, updating and reconfiguration of furniture. Often, these changes require no building permit and no oversight.
Yet interior finishes and furniture often determine the ability of occupants to get out safely in a fire or other emergency. The NFPA, creator of the Life Safety Code, considers interior content a critical element in lessening a life-threatening condition. In assembly occupancies, it is more important than on-site fire protection (sprinklers/alarms/fire extinguishers), more important than the exit path (number, location of exits/emergency signage and lighting).
Ignition of interior materials is responsible for more than 700 fires per month in public spaces, totaling 23 deaths, 330 injuries and $399 million in direct property damage annually. Still, much of this work can be specified by anyone who wishes to call himself or herself an interior designer, qualified or not.
All the while, the public assumes these spaces are safe.
Qualified interior designers are trained to understand interior material properties, including flammability and toxicity, and are skilled in selecting materials that meet or exceed code requirements.
It sounds absurd that Nevada requires a licensed professional to place any piece of furniture over 69 inches tall, but those pieces — or more likely, a sea of tall systems panel walls — can obstruct views of exit signage or otherwise impede the emergency exit path.
Tennessee state workers enjoy this level of protection. Interior space design for the state is overseen by qualified interior designers, and every state office space is reviewed by the fire marshal prior to construction. Would that every member of the public enjoyed the same protection in their place of work.
There are those who say that no one was ever killed by a bad color scheme.
But, when that color scheme is composed of inappropriate or substandard materials, the potential for injury and death is very real. Until the interior design profession is regulated, the public remains at risk.